PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.